Which brake component is designed to absorb heat generated during braking?

The brake pads are specifically designed to absorb heat generated during braking. When the brake pads come into contact with the brake rotor (in disc brake systems) or the brake drum (in drum brake systems), they create friction, which is essential for slowing down or stopping the vehicle. This frictional process generates a significant amount of heat. Brake pads are made of materials that can withstand high temperatures and dissipate heat effectively to prevent overheating, which could lead to brake fade or failure.

Other components like brake fluid play a critical role in the braking system by transmitting force from the brake pedal to the calipers or wheel cylinders, but they do not absorb heat. Similarly, while calipers and drums are important, their primary function is to apply force to the brake pads or shoes rather than directly absorb heat. Therefore, brake pads are the component specifically designed for heat absorption in the braking process.